Platelet Count Of Children With Dengue Fever Biology Essay

blood platelet Count Of Children With breakb unitary pyrexia fever Biology EssayINTRODUCTION dandy fever is a mosquito-borne infection that in recent decades has become a major(ip) multinational public health concern. dandy fever fever is found in equatorial and sub-tropical regions around the world, predominantly in urban and semi-urban beas.Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF), a potenti all toldy lethal complication, was front recognized in the fifties during breakbone fever epidemics in the Philippines and Thailand. To sidereal day DHF affects most Asiatic opineries and has become a leading cause of infirmaryization and d feed inh among children in the region. there are four distinct, but closely related, viruses that cause dengue. Recovery from infection by one provides lifelong immunity against that virus but confers only fond(p) and transient protection against subsequent infection by the other terce viruses. There is good evidence that sequential infection increas es the risk of develop DHF.The incidence of dengue has posen dramatically around the world in recent decades. Some 2.5 billion people two fifths of the worlds population are instantaneously at risk from dengue. WHO currently estimates there whitethorn be 50 million dengue infections worldwide every year.The disease is now endemic in more than 100 countries in Africa, the Americas, the Eastern Mediterranean, atomic number 34 Asia and the Western Pacific. South-east Asia and the Western Pacific are the most mischievously affected. Before 1970 only baseball club countries had experienced DHF epidemics, a number that had change magnitude more than four-fold by 1995. Not only is the number of cases change magnitude as the disease is spreading to new areas, but explosive outbreaks are occurring. fit in to government figures 15,061 cases of the disease in the Philippines were reported in the first six-spot months of the year. The increase in the number of dengue cases may be att ributed to the constantly changing climate brought by global warming as rise as congestion in urban areas. The biggest increase in the domain was seen in Metro Manila, where there was an almost 200 percent increase. fit to the Department of Health, Southern Mindanao, there is an expected increase in dengue cases in the region because of the onset of the rainy season. About six-percent increase in dengue cases was recorded during the first quarter of the year compared to the same rate of flow last year. Davao City so far has the highest dengue incidence, with 371 cases recorded in the first quarter. During the same period last year, there were 352 cases recorded in the city.The durian is the fruit of several tree species belonging to the genus Durio and the Malvaceae family. wide known and revered in Southeast Asia as the king of fruits, the durian is distinctive for its large size, unique odour, and formidable thorn-covered husk. The fruit can grow as large as 30centimetres (1 2in) long and 15centimetres (6in) in diameter, and it typically weighs one to threekilograms (2 to 7lb). Its shape ranges from oblong to round, the food colour of its husk green to brown, and its flesh pale yellow to red, depending on the species.There are 30 recognised Durio species, at least nine of which produce edible fruit. Durio zibethinus is the only species available in the international market other species are sold in their local region.Studies perplex shown different uses of durian such as A. lipid Lowering movement Lipid entrapment property of polysaccharide gel (PG) extracted from fruit-hulls of durian (Durio zibethinus Murr. Cv. Mon-Thong). Results suggest that PG from fruit-hulls of durian may be a potential dietary fiber/ medicinal accoutrement for a blood lipid / cholesterol lowering deed. B.Hyperthermic Effect / Paracetamol fundamental interaction Believed to have body-warming properties with concerns on consumption with paracetamol. Rat subscribe showed no strong body temperature elevation. Rats receiving a durian-paracetamol combination showed a momentous drop in body temperature. No mechanism for toxicity was identified. C.Antibacterial / Wound Healing Effect (1) Polysaccharide gel extracted from fruit-hulls of durian seems to have a beneficial impression on wound healing in a pig study.(2) germicidal effect of polysaccharide gel was clearly demonstrated against S. aureus and E. coli. Study showed intensify wound healing. D.Phenolic Content / Antioxidant Effect Study showed the durian cultivars high bioactivity and fit polyphenols were the main contributors to the overall antioxidant capacity and provides a source of nutritional supplement.Today, Dengue Fever and Dengue hemorrhagic Fever affect most Asian countries and has become a leading cause of hospitalization in children (about 500,00 cases distributively year) and death. Until now, there is no special(prenominal) treatment on dengue fever. collectable to this, a signif icant number of families of patients use different alternative medicines which do not have evidence for cure in the hope of increasing the platelet count of the patient. One of these is the use of D. zibethinus Murr, but its efficacy is still unkown thus the purpose of the study.DEFINITION OF TERMSDengue Fever a benign syndrome caused by several arthropod-borne viruses, is characterized by biphasic fever, myalgia or arthralgia, rash, leukopenia, and lymphadenopathyDengue haemorrhagic Fever a puckish, often fatal, febrile disease caused by dengue viruses. It is characterized by capillary permeability, abnormalities of hemostasis, and, in severe cases, a protein-losing take aback syndrome (dengue shock syndrome)Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever graduation I heraldic bearing of fever, non-specific constitutional symptoms, such as anorexia, vomiting, abdominal pain and positive compression bandage testDengue Hemorrhagic Fever commemorate II symptoms and signs of Grade I plus spontaneo us bleeding mucocutaneous, gastrointestinalDengue Hemorrhagic Fever Grade III symptoms and signs of Grade II with more severe bleeding plus evidences of circulatory failure violaceous, cold, clammy skin, restlessness, weak to compressible pulses, narrowing of pulse pressure to 20mmHg or less, or hypotensionDengue Hemorrhagic Fever Grade IV or Dengue Shock Syndrome symptoms and signs of Grade III but shock is usually refractory or irreversible and associated with massive bleedingOBJECTIVESGeneral ObjectiveThis study aims to determine the effect of Durio zibethinus Murr (durian) on the platelet count of pediatric patients with Dengue Fever and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Grades I and II.Specific ObjectivesTo identify the specific component of durian that is capable of increasing the platelet count of dengue patients.To determine the mechanism of action of the active component of durian.To identify significant relationship between the increase of platelet count and using up of durian. methodologyStudy DesignRandomized controlled, double-blinded studyStudy Setting tete-a-tete Tertiary HospitalStudy SubjectsInclusion CriteriaChildren ages 6 months old to 18 years old diagnosed with dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever grades I and II.Parents/guardians of the subjects who signed the certain consent.Exclusion CriteriaChildren ages 6 months old to 18 years old diagnosed with dengue hemorrhagic fever III and dengue shock syndrome.Dengue patients who had undergone blood transfusion.Dengue patients who do not eat durian or unable to tolerate the smell of durian.Respondents who developed wilful gastrointestinal side effects during the course of the study, such as nausea, vomiting, looseness of the bowels and dyspepsia.Parents/guardians who did not sign the informed consent.Description of InterventionsPatients included in the study will be started with intravenous fluids using Isotonic solutions (D5 LR, D5 NSS/D5 0.9% NaCl) at 3 5 cc/kgBW/hr. Patients were then r andomly selected to receive durian decoction (experimental group) and evaporated draw (control group). Decoction will be given three times a day from day of diagnosis to day2 afebrile.Outcome measuresPatients data were collected and recorded. Serial platelet monitoring was done every 6 hours, others were every 8 hours and any(prenominal) on a once a day basis during their hospital stay. Patients are also monitored for possible side effects.Data CollectionAn informed consent has been signed by parents or guardians of the subjects who were included in the study. Socio demographic data were noted (e.g. age and sex). Clinical data as salutary as the sign laboratory results were noted. Individuals are randomly selected into two groups, one with the Durian decoction, and the other with evaporated milk. Patients diagnosed with Dengue fever, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Grades I and II will be selected and observed for the duration of hospital stay.The initial and succeeding platelet count were noted during the introduction of the decoction. Once a day platelet monitoring of all subjects is enough to collect data, provided that it is all taken at the same time. The side effects related to the intake of decoction were all be noted.Preparation of DecoctionScrapings of durian fruit will be obtained thus removing the fruits seed. __gram of scrapings will be obtained, diluted with __ml of water. __ml of sugar is added to taste. All ingredients is position in a blender and mixed well to obtain a syrup solution.Administration of the decoctionThe decoction will be given to patients with platelet count Dosage 3mg/kg/day